Render Flow

PixelatedPope-style (source):

1. World container ─renderer.render→ RenderTexture (sized to viewport.view)
2. Surface Sprite (textured by RenderTexture) ─addChild→ stage
   - scale = viewport.scale
   - position = viewport.offset
3. Stage rendered to canvas (default render path)

This keeps the world container at design coordinates — no per-frame container scaling. Subpixel artifacts go away because the only resampling is texture→canvas, controlled by scaleMode.

Debug overlay and palette overlay are added directly to the stage (not the world). They render in screen space — when the camera scales the surface, debug labels stay readable. If you want a debug shape in world space, draw it inside a system that projects via camera.world_to_screen.

RenderState

type RenderState = {
  app: Application;            // PIXI app
  world: Container;            // world container (game-space)
  debug_overlay: Container;    // stage child (screen-space)
  palette_overlay: Container;  // stage child (screen-space)
  camera: Camera;
  canvas: () => HTMLCanvasElement | null;
  dispose: () => void;
  stats: { last_render_us: number; fps: number };
  render_system: () => System;
  resize: (w: number, h: number) => void;
  viewport: () => Viewport;
};

You shouldn’t need make_render directly — boot() calls it internally — but it’s exported as an escape hatch for custom embed scenarios.